Osborne-Parnes Creative problem solving (CPS) Model (1963) has 6 stages:
1. Mess-finding (Objective Finding)
- Identify Goal, Wish, Challenge
2. Fact-finding (Gather Data)
- What are all the facts, questions, data, feelings that are involved
3. Problem-Finding (Clarify the Problem)
- What is the problem that really needs to be focuses on and to be addressed?
4. Idea-finding (Brainstorming Ideas)
- What are all the possible solutions for how to solve the problem?
5. Solution finding (Idea evaluation)
- Select & Strengthen Solutions
6. Acceptance-finding (Idea implementation)
- What action steps need to take place in order to implement your solution?
Restrictions of CPS
In CPS model, creative solutions are mainly generated in Stage 4. Stage 5 and stage 6 are used to evaluate the appropriateness or the relevance of a solution. However, creativity can still be used in directing what kinds of data to be collected (Stage 2). Also, creativity can be used in Stage 3 for identifying the problem from different perspectives. Also, during idea implementation (Stage 6), it can be used in making creative action plans. In short, the CPS model can be limited if ‘creativity’ is only involved mainly in Step 4.
Other well known creative problem solving models:
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